土壤硝酸盐中15N同位素测定前处理自动化辅助装置设计和验证

随着稳定同位素质谱技术在土壤氮循环研究中的广泛应用,氮稳定同位素分析对样品前处理方法提出了更高要求,而合适的样品处理方法是确保分析结果准确可靠的关键。设计开发1种适用于土壤微量硝酸盐中氮稳定同位素分析前处理辅助装置,将基于光电感应装置的自动进样系统与注液、抽真空-气体置换系统相融合,将原前处理方法中液体试剂注入,反应体系抽真空及氦气置换等人为操作过程改为自动化处理环节。系统测试结果表明:该套辅助装置具有良好的自动抽真空、注气和加液重复性。装置抽真空系统的真空度绝对误差可控制在0.5 Pa以内,气体注入体积绝对误差可控制在0.2 mL以内,而注液系统的注液体积绝对误差也可控制在0.1 mL以内,变异系数(CV)均小于1%。使用标准参比样品测试整套系统的准确度和精密度,所有测试样品均获得了较好的准确度和精密度,CV<1%。研制的装置结合痕量气体预浓缩装置—稳定同位素质谱(PreCon-IRMS)联用仪,可以建立方便快捷的低样品量下硝酸盐中15 N同位素质谱检测方法,可为土壤氮循环过程研究提供关键技术支撑。     

Polymer Light Emitting Diodes: Materials,Technology and Device

Polymer Light Emitting Diodes (PLEDs), the most promising name in the field of display technology has received tremendous attention from various research groups. The research on light emitting polymers are an interdisciplinary zone which has challenging investigates on materials science and engineering, physics of device architecture and technology. This review addresses the wide range of tailored polymers, evolution of LED device structure for high performance, single and multicolor polymer based LEDs. Though, polymers are possessing better efficiency and easy fabrication processes, it has very low stability and short life. This study also reviews, device degradation during device fabrication and operation.     

高准确度静态质量法液体流量标准装置及其不确定度评价

本文介绍了一种高准确度质量法液体流量标准装置的设计方法,为对市场中出现的高准确度科里奥利质量流量计的量值传递提供了可能。文中介绍了装置设计过程中,为提高装置准确度用到的电动换向、衡器自校准、蒸馏水代替自来水等方法。试验证明,上述方法的应用使装置达到了预期的不确定度水平。文章还着重介绍了高准确度静态质量法液体流量标准装置不确定度的评价要点,对装置的不确定度水平进行了评定。     

密封相关术语解读

随着密封技术的快速发展,正确理解和应用密封相关术语非常重要,例如“组合”和“复合”、“密封件”和“密封装置”等。另外ISO标准中某些术语的定义,与我国目前相关产品的制造工艺存在不完全一致情况。其次,有些产品的术语和定义,在不同的国家标准中,定义不同。该文通过增加相关产品图、安装图、对比不同标准中的术语和定义等,介绍流体传动系统中与密封相关的部分术语及其定义。并对某些在国家标准中存在异义待修订的术语和定义做出说明,为相关的读者提供借鉴。     

Research on optimization design of PWR flow distribution device based on numerical simulation

ABSTRACT

In the lower chamber of pressurized water reactor (PWR), the flow distribution device is the core module to distribute coolant into the core. It has complex structure and numerous design parameters. Therefore, it has important theoretical and practical significance to optimize the device. The mesh independence verification, turbulence model selection, and data processing all can influence the numerical simulation results of the lower chamber, in order to research the influence, a numerical simulation method based on the original model of CNP1000 reactor lower chamber is proposed in this paper. In the method, an optimization design method of flow distribution device is established based on surrogate model. The main design variables and optimization objectives are determined based on the device’s structure and function characteristics. And then it respectively adopts Kriging algorithm and multi-objective genetic algorithm to establish a surrogate model of flow distribution device and optimize it globally. Finally, the optimal design variables are obtained. Compared with the device’s performance before optimization, the after optimization has smaller total pressure loss and more uniform flow. The effectiveness and practicability of proposed optimization design method can be verified.     

Microstructure and dielectric properties of compositionally graded Ba1-xSrxTiO3 multilayer tunable capacitors

Li₂O/B₂O₃-added Ba_1-xSr_xTiO₃ (B_1-xS_xT) ceramics, where 0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.35, were well densified at 920 °C with pure perovskite structure. The dielectric constant, tunability, and figure of merit (FOM) of B_1-xS_xT ceramics increased with x because of the decreasing Curie temperature (T_C). The specimen with x = 0.35, whose T_C was close to room temperature, exhibited a large tunability of 27.4 % and FOM of 110 at 10 kV/cm. A compositionally graded multilayer (CGML), which was sintered at 920 °C, was fabricated using B_1-xS_xT thick films to produce a temperature-stable tunable capacitor, and it evinced a dense microstructure and a continuous interface between the B_1-xS_xT thick film and the Ag electrode. This CGML capacitor showed a large tunability (51 %) and FOM (150) at 20 kV/cm. It also exhibited stable tunability (17–28 % at 10 kV/cm) at temperatures between 30–90 °C. Therefore, the B_1-xS_xT CGML capacitor is a suitable candidate for temperature-stable tunable capacitors.     

Maskless metal patterning by meniscus-confined electrochemical etching and its application in organic field-effect transistors

Conductive micropatterns is an essential part for operation of electronic devices in both industrial and academic fields. Conventional mask-based photolithography and vacuum deposition are inadequate to meet the demands of convenience and simplicity due to their complicated operation, costly instrumentations and relatively low resolution (for vacuum deposition). Development of simple and efficient mask-less fabrication techniques of conductive micropatterns is highly expected. Here we report a facile meniscus-confined electrochemical etching (MCEE) approach to fabricate metal micropatterns with resolution down to at least 1.0 μm. Both the applied bias and the moving velocity directly influence the patterning resolution. MCEE process is developed to fabricate source and drain electrodes in organic transistors on both rigid and flexible substrates. Being a maskless direct writing method, the width and morphology of the etched channel can be easily modulated by the bias and the velocity. The organic transistor with top-contact configuration presents better electrical performance with device on/off ratio of 1.1 × 10⁵ and maximum carrier mobility of 1.07 cm²V⁻¹s⁻¹, which implies that MCEE operation doesn't result in the degradation of the already deposited semiconducting film. This mask-less MCEE approach provides a potential complementary to conventional mask-based techniques for the fabrication of microscale metal patterns.     

高可靠重载升降装置技术研究

传统大型升降装置体积大，升降速度低，同步性差、启停冲击大，可靠性低，不满足大型贵重负载的升降需求。通过机械、电子、液压一体化设计，对大型贵重负载重载升降装置的设计方案进行了对比论证，并给出了综合最优解,为某重要产品的设计提供了技术支撑。     

煤矿锚杆机除尘马达改进

针对煤矿进口锚杆机除尘马达频繁出现故障的情况,通过排查除尘装置的安装方式和监测马达工作时的压力状态,查找故障原因,并制定解决方案。通过马达外接单向阀,可满足马达进油口最低安全压力限制的要求,解决了马达频繁损坏的问题,保障了设备工作的稳定性,提高了工作效率。